python文件支持中文
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
另类字典访问方法
class AttributeDict(dict):
def __getattr__(self, attr):
try:
return self[attr]
except:
return None
def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
self[attr] = value
ad = AttributeDict({“aa”:1})
print ad.aa
执行shell命令
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
def run_cmd(cmd):
#Popen call wrapper.return (code, stdout, stderr)
child = Popen(cmd, stdin = PIPE, stdout = PIPE, stderr = PIPE, shell = True)
out, err = child.communicate()
ret = child.wait()
return (ret, out, err)
获取当前python脚本文件所在路径
import os
os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
json模块 import的问题
try :
import json
except :
import simplejson as json
使用json工具格式化json
#python 2.7以下
echo ‘{“hello”:1}’ | python -m simplejson.tool
#python 2.7及以上
echo ‘{“hello”:1}’ | python -m json.tool
获取URL资源
import urllib2
response = urllib2.urlopen(‘http://www.opstool.com/’)
html = response.read()
print html
关于main
if __name__==’__main__’:
指定格式的日期
import datetime
yesterday =datetime.date.today() -datetime.timedelta(days=1)
pt = yesterday.strftime(“%Y%m%d”)
print pt
timestamp转化为日期时间
timeStamp = 1437122504
timeArray = time.localtime(timeStamp)
otherStyleTime = time.strftime(“%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”, timeArray)
使用date parser 从字符串产生datetime变量
import time
from dateutil import parser
dt = parser.parse(“2017-11-09 03:23:56.345024 +0800”)
time.mktime(dt.timetuple()) + dt.microsecond
日期时间字符串 转化为timestamp
int(time.mktime( time.strptime(“2015-07-21 10:23:00”, “%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”)))
获得当前时间
import datetime
datetime.datetime.now().strftime(“%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”)
使用option
import getopt
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], “t:”)
for op, value in opts:
if op == ‘-t’:
gctime = int(value)
except getopt.GetoptError:
sys.exit(1)
使用logger
import os
import logging
def get_logger(logger_name):
# 创建一个logger
logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
fh = logging.FileHandler(os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]+”/”+logger_name+”.log”)
fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# 再创建一个handler，用于输出到控制台
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
# 定义handler的输出格式
formatter = logging.Formatter(‘%(asctime)s – %(name)s – %(levelname)s – %(message)s’)
fh.setFormatter(formatter)
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
# 给logger添加handler
logger.addHandler(fh)
logger.addHandler(ch)
return logger
logger=get_logger(“mylogger”)
实现deamon运行
import sys
import os
def daemonize (stdin=’/dev/null’, stdout=’/dev/null’, stderr=’/dev/null’):
# Perform first fork.
try:
pid = os.fork( )
if pid > 0:
sys.exit(0) # Exit first parent.
except OSError, e:
sys.stderr.write(“fork #1 failed: (%d) %sn” % (e.errno, e.strerror))
sys.exit(1)
# Decouple from parent environment.
os.chdir(“/”)
os.umask(0)
os.setsid( )
# Perform second fork.
try:
pid = os.fork( )
if pid > 0:
sys.exit(0) # Exit second parent.
except OSError, e:
sys.stderr.write(“fork #2 failed: (%d) %sn” % (e.errno, e.strerror))
sys.exit(1)
# The process is now daemonized, redirect standard file descriptors.
for f in sys.stdout, sys.stderr: f.flush( )
si = file(stdin, ‘r’)
so = file(stdout, ‘a+’)
se = file(stderr, ‘a+’, 0)
os.dup2(si.fileno( ), sys.stdin.fileno( ))
os.dup2(so.fileno( ), sys.stdout.fileno( ))
os.dup2(se.fileno( ), sys.stderr.fileno( ))
#进入后台
daemonize()
简单HTTP服务器示例
import urllib
from cgi import parse_header, parse_multipart
from urlparse import parse_qs
from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
class TestHTTPHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
buf=”Hello World!”
self.protocal_version = “HTTP/1.1”
self.send_response(200)
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(buf)
def do_POST(self):
self.protocal_version = “HTTP/1.1”
self.send_response(200)
self.end_headers()
buf = self._parse_POST()
self.wfile.write(buf[‘postvar’])
def _parse_POST(self):
ctype, pdict = parse_header(self.headers[‘content-type’])
if ctype == ‘multipart/form-data’:
postvars = parse_multipart(self.rfile, pdict)
elif ctype == ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded’:
length = int(self.headers[‘content-length’])
postvars = parse_qs(
self.rfile.read(length),
keep_blank_values=1)
else:
postvars = {}
return postvars
def start_server():
http_server = HTTPServer((“127.0.0.1”, 8088), TestHTTPHandler)
http_server.serve_forever()
start_server()
一种函数调用方法
#!/bin/env python
def mytest():
print “hello”
m={
‘myfunction’ : ‘mytest’
}
globals()[m[‘myfunction’]]()
print globals()
logging的日志级别大小关系
日志级别大小关系为：CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET